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J. Med. Microbiol. -- Vol. 49 (2000), 157-163
© 2000 Society for General Microbiology
ISSN 0022-2615

HOST RESPONSE TO INFECTION

A nasal whole-cell pertussis vaccine induces specific systemic and cross-reactive mucosal antibody responses in human volunteers

A.K. H. BERSTAD, J. HOLST, L.O. FRØHOLM*, I.L. HAUGEN, E. WEDEGE, F. OFTUNG and B. HANEBERG{dagger}

Departments of Vaccinology and *Bacteriology, National Institute of Public Health, N-0403 Oslo and {dagger}Department of Microbiology, Institute of Pharmacy, University of Oslo, Norway

Corresponding author: Dr A. K. H. Berstad (e.mail: aud.herland.berstad{at}folkehelsa.no).

Received 26 March 1999; revised version accepted 2 July 1999.

Abstract

A whole-cell pertussis vaccine, each dose consisting of 250 µg of protein, was given intranasally four times at weekly intervals to six adult volunteers. All vaccinees responded with increases in nasal fluid IgA antibodies to Bordetella pertussis whole-cell antigen. Three vaccinees with high nasal antibody responses also developed increased serum IgA and IgG antibodies to this antigen. Salivary antibody responses to the whole-cell antigen, as well as antibodies in serum and secretions to pertussis toxin (PT) and filamentous haemagglutinin (FHA) were negligible, except for a moderate increase in nasal fluid antibodies to FHA. Unexpectedly, the same vaccinees developed significant rises in nasal and salivary IgA antibodies to meningococcal outer-membrane antigens, whereas corresponding serum IgA and IgG antibodies were unchanged. Thus it appears that mucosal immunisation may induce secretory antibodies with broader specificities than can be found in serum.




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