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Characterization of Mycobacterium avium clinical isolates in Japan using subspecies-specific insertion sequences, and identification of a new insertion sequence, ISMav6

¹ Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Meijo University, 150 Yagotoyama, Tempaku-ku, Nagoya, Aichi 468-8503, Japan

² Department of Clinical Research, National Hospital Organization, Higashinagoya National Hospital, 5-101 Umemorizaka, Meito-ku, Nagoya, Aichi 468-8620, Japan

³ Department of Infectious Diseases, Center of National University Hospital for Infection Control, Nagoya University Hospital, 65 Tsurumai, Showa-ku, Nagoya, Aichi 466-8560, Japan

⁴ Department of Pharmacy, National Hospital Organization, Nagoya Medical Center, 4-1-1 Sannomaru, Naka-ku, Nagoya, Aichi 460-0001, Japan

⁵ Department of Pulmonary Medicine, National Hospital Organization, Higashinagoya National Hospital, 5-101 Umemorizaka, Meito-ku, Nagoya, Aichi 468-8620, Japan

Correspondence
Kenji Ogawa
ogawak{at}toumei.hosp.go.jp

Received December 9, 2008
Accepted March 20, 2009

Clinical isolates of Mycobacterium avium (n=81) from patients with pulmonary infections who were HIV-negative and isolates (n=33) from HIV-positive patients were subjected to genetic analysis by PCR detection of three M. avium-specific insertion sequences (IS901, IS1245 and IS1311), and nucleotide sequencing of the heat-shock protein 65 (hsp65) gene. All clinical isolates were identified as ‘M. avium subspecies hominissuis’ by sequence analysis of hsp65. Compared with clinical isolates of M. avium reported elsewhere, IS1245 was found less frequently in Japanese isolates (96/114 isolates, 84 %) and IS901 was detected more frequently (76/114 isolates, 67 %). One isolate was found to lack IS1311, which has not been reported previously for ‘M. avium subsp. hominissuis’. Nucleotide sequence analysis of the PCR products for IS901 revealed that all clinical isolates had the same new insertion sequence, designated ISMav6, which had 60 point mutations compared with the nucleotide sequence of the original IS901. These results suggest that ‘M. avium subsp. hominissuis’ with ISMav6 is prevalent in Japan. ISMav6 may have implications for the virulence of M. avium and contribute to an increase of M. avium infections in this country.

The GenBank/EMBL/DDBJ accession numbers for the ISMav6, heat-shock protein 65 sequevar code 16 and heat-shock protein 65 sequevar code 17 sequences are AB447556, AB453830 and AB453831, respectively.

A figure showing the sequence alignment of ISMav6 and IS901 is available with the online version of this paper.