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J Med Microbiol 58 (2009), 723-730; DOI: 10.1099/jmm.0.007476-0
© 2009 Society for General Microbiology
ISSN 0022-2615

Experimental Legionella longbeachae infection in intratracheally inoculated mice

Ivana Gobin1, Milorad Susa1, Gabrijela Begic1, Elizabeth L. Hartland2 and Miljenko Doric1

1 Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, Medical Faculty, University of Rijeka, B. Branchetta 20, 51000 Rijeka, Croatia

2 Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3010, Australia

Correspondence
Ivana Gobin
ivanagobin{at}yahoo.co.uk

Received October 22, 2008
Accepted February 12, 2009

This study established an experimental model of replicative Legionella longbeachae infection in A/J mice. The animals were infected by intratracheal inoculation of 103–109 c.f.u. L. longbeachae serogroup 1 (USA clinical isolates D4968, D4969 and D4973). The inocula of 109, 108, 107 and 106 c.f.u. of all tested L. longbeachae serogroup 1 isolates were lethal for A/J mice. Inoculation of 105 c.f.u. L. longbeachae caused death in 90 % of the animals within 5 days, whilst inoculation of 104 c.f.u. caused sporadic death of mice. All animals that received 103 c.f.u. bacteria developed acute lower respiratory disease, but were able to clear Legionella from the lungs within 3 weeks. The kinetics of bacterial growth in the lungs was independent of inoculum size and reached a growth peak about 3 logarithms above the initial inoculum at 72 h after inoculation. The most prominent histological changes in the lungs were observed at 48–72 h after inoculation in the form of a focal, neutrophil-dominant, peribronchiolar infiltration. The inflammatory process did not progress towards the interstitial or alveolar spaces. Immunohistological analyses revealed L. longbeachae serogroup 1 during the early phase of infection near the bronchiolar epithelia and later co-localized with inflammatory cells. BALB/c and C57BL/6 mice strains were also susceptible to infection with all L. longbeachae serogroup 1 strains tested and very similar changes were observed in the lungs of infected animals. These results underline the infection potential of L. longbeachae serogroup 1, which is associated with high morbidity and lethality in mice.






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