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J Med Microbiol 58 (2009), 546-553; DOI: 10.1099/jmm.0.005611-0
© 2009 Society for General Microbiology
ISSN 0022-2615

Virulence spectra of typed strains of Campylobacter jejuni from different sources: a blinded in vivo study

D. E. S. Stewart-Tull1, J. G. Coote1, D. H Thompson2, Denise Candlish1, A. C. Wardlaw1 and A. Candlish1,{dagger}

1 Division of Infection and Immunity, Glasgow Biomedical Research Centre, University of Glasgow, 120 University Place, Glasgow G12 8TA, UK

2 Department of Veterinary Pathology, Veterinary School, University of Glasgow, Garscube Estate, Bearsden, Glasgow G61 1QH, UK

Correspondence
J. G. Coote
j.coote{at}bio.gla.ac.uk

Received August 7, 2008
Accepted January 22, 2009

Campylobacter jejuni is a major cause of human diarrhoeal disease, but specific virulence mechanisms have not been well defined. The aims of the present blinded study were to measure and compare the in vivo properties of 40 serotyped, biotyped and genotyped C. jejuni isolates from different sources and genetic makeup. An 11-day-old chick embryo lethality assay, which measured embryo deaths and total viable bacteria over 72 h following inoculation of bacteria into the chorioallantoic membrane, revealed a spectrum of activity within the C. jejuni strains. Human and chicken isolates showed similar high virulence values for embryo deaths while the virulence of the bovine isolates was less pronounced. A one-way ANOVA comparison between the capacity of the strains to kill the chick embryos after 24 h with cytotoxicity towards cultured CaCo-2 cells was significant (P=0.025). After inoculation with a Campylobacter strain, mouse ligated ileal loops were examined histologically and revealed degrees of villous atrophy, abnormal mucosa, dilation of the lumen, congestion and blood in lumen, depending on the isolate examined. A ‘total pathology score’, derived for each C. jejuni strain after grading the pathology features for degree of severity, showed no apparent relationship with the source of isolation. Some relationship was found between amplified fragment length polymorphism groups and total ileal loop pathology scores, and a one-way ANOVA comparison of the mouse pathology scores against total chick embryo deaths after 72 h was significant (P=0.049).

Abbreviations: AFLP, amplified fragment length polymorphism.

{dagger}Present address: Division of Biomolecular, Microbial and Life Sciences, Department of Biological and Biomedical Sciences, Glasgow Caledonian University, Glasgow G4 0BA, UK.

Supplementary figures are available with the online version of this paper.






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