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J Med Microbiol 58 (2009), 234-238; DOI: 10.1099/jmm.0.002089-0
© 2009 Society for General Microbiology
ISSN 0022-2615

A large cholera outbreak due to a new cholera toxin variant of the Vibrio cholerae O1 El Tor biotype in Orissa, Eastern India

P. Kumar1, M. Jain1, A. K. Goel1, S. Bhadauria1, S. K. Sharma1, D. V. Kamboj1, L. Singh1, T. Ramamurthy2 and G. B. Nair2

1 Biotechnology Division, Defence Research & Development Establishment (DRDE), Jhansi Road, Gwalior 474002, India

2 National Institute of Cholera and Enteric Diseases, Kolkata, India

Correspondence
A. K. Goel
akgoel73{at}yahoo.co.uk

Received March 21, 2008
Accepted October 15, 2008

A total of 32 Vibrio cholerae isolates were collected during a recent large cholera outbreak in Eastern India. Biochemical and serological studies revealed that all of the isolates belonged to serogroup O1, biotype El Tor, serotype Ogawa. Two multiplex PCR assays confirmed the presence of various toxigenic and pathogenic genes – ace, ctxAB, hlyA, ompU, ompW, rfbO1, rtx, tcp, toxR and zot – in all of the isolates. Sequencing of the ctxB gene from the isolates revealed a novel mutation in the gene. Sequencing also confirmed the presence of altered cholera toxin B of the classical biotype in all of the El Tor isolates, suggesting infection of isolates by classical CTX{Phi}. The molecular diversity of V. cholerae isolates studied by enterobacterial repetitive intergenic consensus sequence PCR, BOX-PCR and randomly amplified polymorphic DNA analysis uniformly showed the clonal relationship among the outbreak V. cholerae O1 isolates. The results of this study suggest that cholera-causing V. cholerae strains are constantly evolving in epidemic areas, highlighting the potential of the emergence of more virulent strains.

Abbreviations: CT, cholera toxin; ERIC, enterobacterial repetitive intergenic consensus sequence; mPCR, multiplex PCR.

The GenBank/EMBL/DDBJ accession numbers for the ctxB sequence of isolates VOC4, VOC6, VOC16, VOC22, VOC38 and VOC50 are EU496273–EU496278, respectively.






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