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J Med Microbiol 58 (2009), 1632-1637; DOI: 10.1099/jmm.0.014050-0
© 2009 Society for General Microbiology
ISSN 0022-2615

An imprint method for detecting leptospires in the hamster model of vaccine-mediated immunity for leptospirosis

Adenizar D. Chagas-Junior1, Alan J. A. McBride1, Daniel A. Athanazio1,2, Cláudio P. Figueira1, Marco A. Medeiros3, Mitermayer G. Reis1, Albert I. Ko1,4 and Flávia W. C. McBride1,2

1 Gonçalo Moniz Research Centre, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Brazilian Ministry of Health, Salvador, BA, Brazil

2 Department of Biointeraction, Health Sciences Institute, Federal University of Bahia, Salvador, BA, Brazil

3 Bio-Manguinhos, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Brazilian Ministry of Health, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil

4 Division of Infectious Diseases, Weill Medical College of Cornell University, NY, USA

Correspondence
Flávia W. C. McBride
fmcbride{at}ufba.br

Received July 1, 2009
Accepted August 10, 2009

In determining the efficacy of new vaccine candidates for leptospirosis, the primary end point is death and an important secondary end point is sterilizing immunity. However, evaluation of this end point is often hampered by the time-consuming demands and complexity of methods such as culture isolation (CI). In this study, we evaluated the use of an imprint (or touch preparation) method (IM) in detecting the presence of leptospires in tissues of hamsters infected with Leptospira interrogans serovar Copenhageni. In a dissemination study, compared to CI, the IM led to equal or improved detection of leptospires in kidney, liver, lung and blood samples collected post-infection and overall concordance was good ({kappa}=0.61). Furthermore, in an evaluation of hamsters immunized with a recombinant leptospiral protein-based vaccine candidate and subsequently challenged, the agreement between the CI and IM was very good ({kappa}=0.84). These findings indicate that the IM is a rapid method for the direct observation of Leptospira spp. that can be readily applied to evaluating infection in experimental animals and determining sterilizing immunity when screening potential vaccine candidates.






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