J Med Microbiol International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology
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J Med Microbiol 58 (2009), 37-48; DOI: 10.1099/jmm.0.004390-0
© 2009 Society for General Microbiology
ISSN 0022-2615

A mixture containing galactooligosaccharide, produced by the enzymic activity of Bifidobacterium bifidum, reduces Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium infection in mice

Laura E. J. Searle1, Angus Best1, Alejandro Nunez1, Francisco J. Salguero1, Linda Johnson1, Ute Weyer1, Alexandra H. Dugdale2, William A. Cooley1, Ben Carter3, Gareth Jones1, George Tzortzis4, Martin J. Woodward1 and Roberto M. La Ragione1

1 Veterinary Laboratories Agency (VLA), Weybridge, Woodham Lane, New Haw, Addlestone, Surrey KT15 3NB, UK

2 Faculty of Veterinary Science, University of Liverpool, Leahurst, Chester High Road, Neston, Wirral CH64 7TE, UK

3 South East Wales Trials Unit, School of Medicine, Cardiff University, Cardiff CF14 4XN, UK

4 Clasado Ltd, 5 Canon Harnett Court, Wolverton Mill, Milton Keynes MK12 5NF, UK

Correspondence
Laura E. J. Searle
l.searle{at}vla.defra.gsi.gov.uk

Received June 23, 2008
Accepted September 22, 2008

The prebiotic Bimuno® is a mixture containing galactooligosaccharide, produced by the galactosyltransferase activity of Bifidobacterium bifidum NCIMB 41171 in the presence of lactose. Previous studies have implicated prebiotics in reducing infections by enteric pathogens, thus it was hypothesized that Bimuno® may confer some protection in the murine host from Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium (S. Typhimurium) infection. In this study, infection caused by S. Typhimurium SL1344nalr in the presence or absence of Bimuno® was assessed using tissue culture assays, a murine ligated ileal gut loop model and a murine oral challenge model. In tissue culture adherence and invasion assays with HT-29-16E cells, the presence of ~2 mM Bimuno® significantly reduced the invasion of S. Typhimurium SL1344nalr (P<0.0001). In the murine ligated ileal gut loops, the presence of Bimuno® prevented colonization and the associated pathology of S. Typhimurium. In the BALB/c mouse model, the oral delivery of Bimuno® prior to challenge with S. Typhimurium resulted in significant reductions in colonization in the five organs sampled, with highly significant reductions being observed in the spleen at 72 and 96 h post-challenge (P=0.0002, <0.0001, respectively). Collectively, the results indicate that Bimuno® significantly reduced the colonization and pathology associated with S. Typhimurium infection in a murine model system, possibly by reducing the invasion of the pathogen into host cells.

Abbreviations: GOS, galactooligosaccharide; HE, haematoxylin and eosin; VLA, Veterinary Laboratories Agency.






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