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J Med Microbiol 58 (2009), 105-111; DOI: 10.1099/jmm.0.004333-0
© 2009 Society for General Microbiology
ISSN 0022-2615

Multilocus genetic analysis reveals that the Australian strains of Vibrio cholerae O1 are similar to the pre-seventh pandemic strains of the El Tor biotype

Ashrafus Safa1, Nurul A. Bhuiyan2, Denise Murphy3, John Bates3, Suraia Nusrin2, Richard Y. C. Kong1, Manas Chongsanguan4, Wanpen Chaicumpa5 and G. Balakrish Nair6

1 Department of Biology and Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, 83 Kowloon Tong, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR

2 International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research, Bangladesh, Dhaka 1212, Bangladesh

3 Public Health Microbiology Laboratory, Forensic and Scientific Services, Cooper, Coopers Plains, Queensland, Australia

4 Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Tropical Medicine, Mahidol University, 420/6 Rajvithi Road, Bangkok 10400, Thailand

5 Molecular Microbiology and Molecular Immunology Laboratories, Faculty of Allied Health, Thammasat University, Pratumatance 12121, Thailand

6 National Institute of Cholera and Enteric Diseases, Kolkata, India

Correspondence
Ashrafus Safa
mrpsafa{at}yahoo.com

Received June 21, 2008
Accepted September 5, 2008

Episodes of cholera stemming from indigenous Vibrio cholerae strains in Australia are mainly associated with environmental sources. In the present study, 10 V. cholerae O1 strains of Australian origin were characterized. All of the strains were serogroup O1 and their conventional phenotypic traits categorized them as belonging to the El Tor biotype. Genetic screening of 12 genomic regions that are associated with virulence in V. cholerae showed variable results. Analysis of the ctxAB gene showed that the Australian environmental reservoir contains both toxigenic and non-toxigenic V. cholerae strains. DNA sequencing revealed that all of the toxigenic V. cholerae strains examined were of ctxB genotype 2. Whole genome PFGE analysis revealed that the environmental toxigenic V. cholerae O1 strains were more diverse than the non-toxigenic environmental O1 strains, and the absence of genes that make up the Vibrio seventh pandemic island-I and -II in all of the strains indicates their pre-seventh pandemic ancestry.

Abbreviations: CCA, chicken blood cell agglutination; MSHA, mannose-sensitive haemagglutinin; VSP, Vibrio seventh pandemic island.

The GenBank/EMBL/DDBJ accession numbers for the ctxB gene sequences of V. cholerae O1 and O139 are EU828583–EU828588.




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