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J Med Microbiol 57 (2008), 1051-1057; DOI: 10.1099/jmm.0.2008/000976-0
© 2008 Society for General Microbiology
ISSN 1473-5644

Review

Acanthamoeba and the blood–brain barrier: the breakthrough

Naveed Ahmed Khan

School of Biological and Chemical Sciences, Birkbeck College, University of London, London WC1E 7HX, UK

Correspondence
Naveed Ahmed Khan
n.khan{at}sbc.bbk.ac.uk


Acanthamoeba granulomatous encephalitis is a rare disease that almost always proves fatal. Death occurs mainly due to neurological complications; however, the pathogenesis and pathophysiology associated with this disease remain incompletely understood. Haematogenous spread is a key step in the development of Acanthamoeba encephalitis, but it is not clear how circulating amoebae breakthrough the blood–brain barrier to gain entry into the central nervous system to produce the disease. This review of the literature describes the parasite factors and immune-mediated mechanisms involved in the blood–brain barrier dysfunction leading to neuropathogenesis.






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