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J Med Microbiol 57 (2008), 839-844; DOI: 10.1099/jmm.0.47612-0
© 2008 Society for General Microbiology
ISSN 1473-5644

Molecular assessment of invasive Streptococcus pneumoniae serotype 1 in Brazil: evidence of clonal replacement

Ana-Carolina Chiou1, Soraya Sgambatti Andrade2, Samanta Cristine G. Almeida1, Rosemeire Cobo Zanella1, Ana-Lúcia Andrade3 and Maria-Cristina de Cunto Brandileone1

1 Bacteriology Department, Adolfo Lutz Institute, São Paulo, Brazil

2 Division of Infectious Diseases, Federal University of São Paulo, Brazil

3 Institute of Tropical Pathology and Public Health, Federal University of Goiás, Brazil

Correspondence
Maria-Cristina de Cunto Brandileone
brandi{at}ial.sp.gov.br

Received 5 September 2007
Accepted 4 March 2008

In Brazil, serotype 1 Streptococcus pneumoniae is one of the most prevalent causes of severe infection. This study investigated the genetic relatedness of 134 serotype 1 isolates obtained from invasive diseases during the period 1977–2005. Molecular typing by PFGE revealed two major lineages using visual inspection and computer analysis. Type A comprised 94 isolates (70.2 %) with four subtypes, whereas type B comprised 40 isolates (29.8 %) with eight subtypes. Subtype A3, the most frequent genotype, accounting for 65 % of the total isolates, was identified as a representative of clone Sweden1-40 (ST304). Type B was predominant in the period 1977–1988. In contrast, an increase in the type A lineage was detected from 1990 in Brazil, significantly associated with isolates recovered from pneumonia cases and from young patients. This study clearly established a temporal switch between two lineages of S. pneumoniae serotype 1 in Brazil, with a wide dispersion of clone Sweden1-40 in recent years.

Abbreviations: CI, confidence interval; MLST, multilocus sequence typing; OR, odds ratio; SC, Dice similarity coefficient.






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