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J Med Microbiol 57 (2008), 1523-1528; DOI: 10.1099/jmm.0.2008/003350-0
© 2008 Society for General Microbiology
ISSN 0022-2615

Polyhexamethylene guanidine hydrochloride-based disinfectant: a novel tool to fight meticillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus and nosocomial infections

Mathias K. Oulé1, Richard Azinwi1, Anne-Marie Bernier1, Tano Kablan2, Anne-Marie Maupertuis1, Stephanie Mauler1, Rose K. Nevry2, Korami Dembélé1, Lorraine Forbes1 and Lamine Diop1

1 Department of Biological Science, Faculty of Science, Collège Universitaire de Saint-Boniface, 200 Avenue de la Cathédrale, Winnipeg, Manitoba R2H 0H7, Canada

2 Unité de Formation et de Recherche en Sciences et Technologie des Aliments, Abobo Adjamé University, 02 BP 801, Abidjan 02, Cote d'Ivoire

Correspondence
Mathias K. Oulé
moule{at}ustboniface.mb.ca

Received May 30, 2008
Accepted August 22, 2008

Polyhexamethylene guanidine hydrochloride (PHMGH), an antimicrobial biocide of the guanidine family, was tested for efficacy against quality-control strains of Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Salmonella choleraesuis, meticillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA) and Escherichia coli. Bactericidal activity against S. aureus, P. aeruginosa and Salmonella choleraesuis was determined using the official methods of analysis of the Association of Official Analytical Chemists, with modifications as recommended by the Canadian General Standards Board. For MRSA and E. coli, the MIC and minimal bactericidal concentration were determined using the broth dilution technique. The experiments were carried out at 20 °C under a range of conditions including varying PHMGH concentration (0.001–0.1 %), contact time (0.5–10 min) and water type (distilled, tap and hard water). The phenol coefficient values determined with S. aureus, Salmonella choleraesuis and P. aeruginosa were 7.5, 6.1 and 5, respectively. No matter what type of water was used to make the dilutions, PHMGH killed MRSA and E. coli at concentrations as low as 0.04 and 0.005 % (w/v), respectively, within 1.5 min. The mode of action of PHMGH was elucidated by transmission electron microscopy: the cell envelope was broken, resulting in cell content leakage into the medium. The ultimate aim of this study was to show that PHMGH can be used as an odourless, colourless, non-corrosive and harmless disinfectant for hospital and household facilities.

Abbreviations: AOAC, Association of Official Analytical Chemists; MBC, minimal bactericidal concentration; MRSA, meticillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus; PC, phenol coefficient; PHMGH, polyhexamethylene guanidine hydrochloride; UD, used dilution.






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