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J Med Microbiol 56 (2007), 241-249; DOI: 10.1099/jmm.0.46670-0
© 2007 Society for General Microbiology
ISSN 1473-5644

Molecular characterization of extended-spectrum beta-lactamases in Enterobacteriaceae from patients of two hospitals in Saxony, Germany

Joachim Schmitt, Enno Jacobs and Herbert Schmidt{dagger}

Institute of Medical Microbiology and Hygiene, Technical University of Dresden, Fetscherstrasse 72, Dresden, Germany

Correspondence
Herbert Schmidt
hschmidt{at}uni-hohenheim.de

Received 10 April 2006
Accepted 25 October 2006

Between January and September 2003, 39 isolates of the family Enterobacteriaceae with phenotypically positive Vitek 1 extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL) test results were collected, originating from patients of two hospitals in Saxony, Germany. Plasmid DNA was isolated and screened by PCR for the presence of genes encoding beta-lactamases of SHV, TEM and CTX-M types. To differentiate ESBL and non-ESBL among SHV and TEM genes, detailed analysis of PCR products was performed. Twenty-four strains carried SHV-2, SHV-5 or SHV-12 genes. In a further 11 strains a CTX-M gene was detected. The CTX-M genes could be affiliated to the CTX-M-1 and CTX-M-9 cluster by RFLP analysis. In the case of four Klebsiella oxytoca isolates, hyperproduction of the chromosomal beta-lactamase K1 was inferred, because genes of the above-mentioned types were not detected. The strains contained plasmid DNA between 45 and 160 kb in size. Common plasmid restriction patterns among SHV-5 producers provided evidence of horizontal spread. Twenty strains had a MIC for cefotaxime of <=4 mg l–1, 18 strains had the same MIC for ceftazidime, and nine strains had this MIC of >4 mg l–1 for both antibiotics. The ESBL phenotypes often coincided with ciprofloxacin or gentamicin resistance.

Abbreviations: CAZ, ceftazidime; CFP, cefepime; CIPR, ciprofloxacin; CTX, cefotaxime; ESBL, extended-spectrum beta-lactamase; GENT, gentamicin; ICU, intensive care unit; IMIP, imipenem; PIP, piperacillin; PITA, piperacillin/tazobactam.

{dagger}Present address: Institute of Food Science and Biotechnology, Department of Food Microbiology, University of Hohenheim, Garbenstrasse 28, D-70599 Stuttgart, Germany.






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