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J Med Microbiol 56 (2007), 1284-1289; DOI: 10.1099/jmm.0.47342-0
© 2007 Society for General Microbiology
ISSN 1473-5644

Virulence properties of Campylobacter jejuni isolates of poultry and human origin

Kim Van Deun1, Freddy Haesebrouck1, Marc Heyndrickx2, Herman Favoreel3, Jeroen Dewulf4, Liesbeth Ceelen1, Linn Dumez1, Winy Messens2, Saskia Leleu2, Filip Van Immerseel1, Richard Ducatelle1 and Frank Pasmans1

1 Department of Pathology, Bacteriology and Avian Diseases, Ghent University, Salisburylaan 133, 9820 Merelbeke, Belgium

2 Institute for Agricultural and Fisheries Research (ILVO), Technology and Food Unit, Brusselsesteenweg 370, 9090 Melle, Belgium

3 Department of Virology, Parasitology and Immunology, Ghent University, Salisburylaan 133, 9820 Merelbeke, Belgium

4 Department of Reproduction, Obstetrics and Herd Health, Ghent University, Salisburylaan 133, 9820 Merelbeke, Belgium

Correspondence
Kim Van Deun
kim.vandeun{at}ugent.be

Received 16 April 2007
Accepted 25 June 2007

Campylobacter jejuni is one of the leading causes of food-borne gastroenteritis. Because of the high prevalence of C. jejuni in poultry, poultry meat is considered a major source of C. jejuni infections for humans. However, it is not known whether all poultry-associated C. jejuni strains are capable of causing disease in humans. Four different virulence properties of C. jejuni strains were compared between 20 poultry isolates and 24 human isolates. Strains were chosen based on their PFGE pattern to represent a heterogeneous population. The isolates were compared for their ability to invade and induce interleukin-8 (IL-8) production in T84 cells, their production of functional cytolethal distending toxin (CDT) using HEp-2 cells, and their sodium deoxycholate resistance. All four virulence factors were present among strains of human and poultry origin, with strong differences observed among strains. For invasion and IL-8 induction, no difference was observed between the two populations. However, on average, human isolates arrested more HEp-2 cells in their cell cycle than did the poultry isolates (P=0.041), suggesting higher CDT production by the former. The ability to survive 16 000 µg sodium deoxycholate ml–1 was significantly more pronounced (P=0.006) among human isolates than poultry isolates, although all strains possessed the cmeABC operon. These data suggest that all four virulence properties are widespread among C. jejuni isolates, but that a higher degree of bile-salt resistance and more pronounced CDT production are associated with strains causing enteritis in humans.

Abbreviations: CDT, cytolethal distending toxin; IL-8, interleukin-8; TNF, tumour necrosis factor.




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