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J Med Microbiol 55 (2006), 1079-1084; DOI: 10.1099/jmm.0.46550-0
© 2006 Society for General Microbiology
ISSN 1473-5644

Pneumococci causing invasive disease in children prior to the introduction of pneumococcal conjugate vaccine in Scotland

Stuart C. Clarke1,2,3,{dagger}, Johanna M. C. Jefferies1, Andrew J. Smith4, Jim McMenamin5, Timothy J. Mitchell2 and Giles F. S. Edwards1

1 Scottish Meningococcus and Pneumococcus Reference Laboratory, Stobhill Hospital, Balornock Road, Glasgow G21 3UW, UK

2 Division of Infection and Immunity, Institute of Biomedical and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, UK

3 Portsmouth City Teaching PCT, Milton Road, Portsmouth PO3 6DP, UK

4 Glasgow Dental School, 378 Sauchiehall Street, Glasgow G2 3JZ, UK

5 Health Protection Scotland, Clifton Place, Glasgow G3 7LN, UK

Correspondence
Stuart C. Clarke
stuartcclarke{at}hotmail.com

Received 2 February 2006
Accepted 28 April 2006

This study aimed to determine the serotypes and sequence types (STs) of pneumococci causing paediatric invasive disease in Scotland prior to the introduction of pneumococcal conjugate vaccines (PCVs). All invasive pneumococci isolated between 2000 and 2004 from children aged less than 5 years in Scotland were used. The isolates were characterized by serotyping and multi-locus sequence typing. Two hundred and seventeen pneumococci were characterized into 22 different serogroups/types, the most common, in rank order, being 14, 19F, 6B, 18C, 23F, 9V, 4, 1, 19A and 6A. They were further genotyped into 77 different STs, the three most common being 9, 162 and 176. Common serotypes possessed multiple STs, but pneumococci of a particular clone were mostly associated with a particular serotype. The seven most common serotypes are included in the 7-valent polysaccharide conjugate vaccine (PCV7). Serotype coverage for PCV7 was 76.5 % in those aged less than 5 years but increased to 88.9 % for those aged 1 year. The introduction of PCV7 into the childhood immunization schedule would reduce the burden of pneumococcal disease in children, although continued surveillance of invasive pneumococcal disease will be required before, during and after the introduction of PCVs.

Abbreviations: IPD, invasive pneumococcal disease; MLST, multi-locus sequence typing; PCV, pneumococcal conjugate vaccine; ST, sequence type.

{dagger}Present address: Hampshire and Isle of Wight Health Protection Unit, Oakley Road, Southampton SO16 4GX, UK.




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