J Med Microbiol 55 (2006), 905-911; DOI: 10.1099/jmm.0.46580-0
© 2006 Society for General Microbiology
ISSN 1473-5644
Helicobacter pylori-associated oxidant monochloramine induces reactivation of EpsteinBarr virus (EBV) in gastric epithelial cells latently infected with EBV
Junko Minoura-Etoh1,
Kazuyo Gotoh1,
Ryugo Sato2,
Masao Ogata2,
Naomi Kaku3,
Toshio Fujioka4 and
Akira Nishizono1
Microbiology1 , Second Internal Medicine2 , Oral-Maxillary Surgery3 and General Medicine4 , Department of Infectious Diseases, Faculty of Medicine, Oita University, Oita, Japan
Correspondence
Akira Nishizono
a24zono{at}med.oita-u.ac.jp
Received 16 February 2006
Accepted 14 March 2006
To investigate the possibility of an interaction between two ubiquitous human pathogens, Helicobacter pylori and EpsteinBarr virus (EBV), the effect of monochloramine (NH2Cl), locally produced by H. pylori infection, on gastric epithelium latently infected with EBV was examined, by assessing the induction of EBV lytic infection. AGS cells harbouring latently infected EBV were used as the indicator of lytic change caused by NH2Cl treatment. Lytic infection, determined by morphological change and EA-D antigen expression, occurred immediately after treatment with in vitro-synthesized NH2Cl. Analysis of EBV infection in human gastric tissue revealed that out of 48 H. pylori-positive patients, 24 were positive for EBER-1, and 18 and 13 were positive for EBNA1 and LMP-1 antigen, respectively. The results suggest that H. pylori-associated NH2Cl induces EBV lytic conversion in gastric epithelium latently infected with EBV.
Abbreviations: EBV, EpsteinBarr virus; FACS, fluorescence-activated cell sorting; FBS, fetal bovine serum; ISH, in situ hybridization; TPA, 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate.
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