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J Med Microbiol 55 (2006), 845-855; DOI: 10.1099/jmm.0.46538-0
© 2006 Society for General Microbiology
ISSN 1473-5644

Immunological alterations during the clinical and recovery phases of experimental swine dysentery

Robert Jonasson1, Märit Andersson1, Therese Råsbäck2, Anders Johannisson3 and Marianne Jensen-Waern1

Department of Clinical Sciences1 , Section for Comparative Physiology and Medicine; Department of Clinical Sciences2 and Department of Anatomy and Physiology3 , Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, PO Box 7018, S-750 07 Uppsala, Sweden

Correspondence
Robert Jonasson
Robert.Jonasson{at}kv.slu.se

Received 24 January 2006
Accepted 27 March 2006

The aim of this study was to examine changes in the systemic immune response during the incubation period and following the onset of clinical swine dysentery, including the recovery period. Ten healthy conventional pigs were inoculated with Brachyspira hyodysenteriae. Blood was sampled at pre-inoculation, at days 4 and 14 post-inoculation, during the first 4 days with clinical signs of dysentery and at days 1, 3, 7, 11 and 15 of the recovery period. Eight pigs developed haemorrhagic diarrhoea. Flow-cytometric analyses of lymphocyte subpopulations showed that all animals, including the two that remained healthy, had an increase in CD8{alpha}+ CD4– cells and {gamma}{delta} T cells at days 4 and 14 post-inoculation. In addition, an increase in CD4+ CD8{alpha}+ cells and CD8{alpha}+ CD8ß+ cells was observed at days 4 and 14 post-inoculation in animals that developed dysentery. During clinical signs of dysentery, the acute-phase protein serum amyloid A was increased. There was a two- to threefold increase in both neutrophils and monocytes during signs of dysentery and at the beginning of the recovery period. The numbers of CD8{alpha}+ CD8ß– CD4–, CD45RA– lymphocytes also increased during the dysentery period. Circulating CD21+ cells and CD21+ CD45RA– cells decreased at the end of the incubation period, during signs of dysentery and at the beginning of the recovery period. The dysentery-affected animals developed antibodies to B. hyodysenteriae-specific antigens (~16 kDa and ~30 kDa) from the first day of recovery, and {gamma}{delta} T cells showed an increase during the recovery period. In comparison with pre-inoculation, increased numbers of monocytes, neutrophils, CD8{alpha}+ CD8ß– CD4– lymphocytes and CD45RA– lymphocytes were observed during clinical dysentery. Increased numbers of neutrophils, {gamma}{delta} T cells and specific antibodies were seen during the recovery period.

Abbreviations: PE, phycoerythrin; SAA, serum amyloid A.






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