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J Med Microbiol 55 (2006), 1337-1341; DOI: 10.1099/jmm.0.46587-0
© 2006 Society for General Microbiology
ISSN 1473-5644

Detection of antibodies against Mycobacterium leprae culture filtrate protein-10 in leprosy patients

Om Parkash1, Ajay Kumar2, Astha Nigam3 and Bhawneshwar K. Girdhar1

1 National JALMA Institute for Leprosy and other Mycobacterial Diseases, TajGanj, Agra-1, India

2 Department of Biomedical Sciences, Bundelkhand University, Jhansi, India

3 Department of Biochemistry, School of Life Sciences, Dr B. R. Ambedkar University, Agra, India

Correspondence
Om Parkash
om1234{at}gmail.com

Received 23 February 2006
Accepted 27 June 2006

The prevalence of IgG antibodies against Mycobacterium leprae recombinant culture filtrate protein-10 (rCFP-10) was investigated in serum samples from 56 leprosy patients, 15 tuberculosis (TB) patients, 14 other skin-diseased patients and 20 healthy subjects. On classifying the patients into bacterial index (BI)-positive and BI-negative groups, the assay showed 83.3 % (15/18) sensitivity for detection of BI-positive leprosy patients. On the other hand, the sensitivity for detection of BI-negative patients was 18.4 % (7/38). None of the 15 TB patients and 14 other skin-diseased patients was positive; however, only one out of 20 healthy individuals was positive, indicating that antibody response to culture filtrate protein-10 (CFP-10) was highly specific (98.0 %; 48/49). Statistically, the performance of the CFP-10-based assay was found to be comparable (P>0.05) with that of an anti-phenolic glycolipid-I (PGL-I) antibody-detecting assay. Thus, M. leprae CFP-10 is potentially a specific antigen for measuring antibody response in BI-positive leprosy patients. Being a secreted antigen, CFP-10 may act as a marker for the viability of M. leprae inside the host, and hence its serological potential is worth exploring for application in monitoring the response of patients with BI-positive leprosy (a highly infectious form) during the course of chemotherapy. When comparing the bacteriological and serological results, an agreement of 82.1 % showed that seropositivity to M. leprae CFP-10 corresponded well with bacteriological criteria. Hence, CFP-10 seems to be a suitable antigen for classification of leprosy patients into BI-positive and BI-negative groups.

Abbreviations: BI, bacterial index; CFP-10, culture filtrate protein-10; MDT, multidrug therapy; PGL-I, phenolic glycolipid-I; rCFP-10, recombinant CFP-10; ROC curve, receiver operator characteristic curve; TB, tuberculosis.




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