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Prevalence of extended-spectrum ß-lactamase-producing Gram-negative bacteria in septicaemic neonates in a tertiary care hospital

Departments of Microbiology¹ and Paediatrics², King George's Medical College, Lucknow, UP –226 003, India

Correspondence Amita Jain amita602002{at}yahoo.com

Received May 9, 2002
Accepted January 22, 2003

The present study was undertaken to investigate the high incidence of multiresistant Gram-negative bacilli causing neonatal septicaemia. Samples of neonatal blood from 728 suspected cases were obtained in brain heart infusion broth with sodium polyanethol sulfonate. All Gram-negative rods isolated were subsequently subjected to routine antimicrobial susceptibility testing and tests for extended-spectrum ß-lactamase (ESBL) production, as per NCCLS recommendations. ESBL was detected in 86.6 % of Klebsiella spp., 73.4 % of Enterobacter spp. and 63.6 % of Escherichia coli strains. It was also observed that 74.4–80.9 % of these ESBL producers were resistant to cefotaxime and 47.6–59.5 % were resistant to ceftazidime in routine susceptibility testing. Some ESBL producers (36.3–61.5 %) were found to be susceptible to either or both cephalosporins used in this study. It is concluded that indiscriminate use of third-generation cephalosporins may be responsible for the selection of ESBL-producing multiresistant strains in the neonatal intensive-care unit (NICU).

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