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Disseminated cryptococcosis in an AIDS patient caused by a canavanine-resistant strain of Cryptococcus neoformans var. grubii

¹Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Kuwait University, Kuwait ²Infectious Diseases Hospital, Ministry of Public Health, Kuwait ³Department of Biology, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada

Correspondence Z. U. Khan ziauddin{at}hsc.kuniv.edu.kw

Received 11 October 2002 Accepted 21 November 2002

A case of disseminated cryptococcosis caused by Cryptococcus neoformans var. grubii is presented in a male diabetic who had AIDS. The diagnosis was based upon the isolation and identification of the aetiological agent from a lymph-node biopsy, cerebrospinal fluid and sputum. The isolate formed spherical, encapsulated yeast cells, produced cherry-brown colonies on niger-seed agar, grew on canavanine-glycine-bromothymol blue (CGB) medium, changing its colour from greenish yellow to blue, and hydrolysed urea weakly in the presence of 100 µM EDTA. The strain was unable to assimilate D-proline and, serologically, it was untypable. The identity of the isolate as C. neoformans var. grubii, serotype A, possessing a mating-type allele A, was confirmed by crossing with standard laboratory test strains and by performing PCR with the mating-type allele-specific primer of the STE12 gene and with serotype (A and D)- and mating type (a and )-specific primers of the STE20 gene. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of disseminated cryptococcosis in an AIDS patient caused by a canavanine-resistant strain of C. neoformans var. grubii, serotype A, possessing mating type allele A; the strain is probably a hybrid. The report suggests that, in the absence of a clear-cut serotyping result, a positive CGB reaction alone is not sufficient for intervarietal discrimination and additional confirmatory evidence is required.

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