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Involvement of staphylococcal protein A and cytoskeletal actin in Staphylococcus aureus invasion of cultured human oral epithelial cells

KYU YONG JUNG^*,, JEONG DAN CHA, SEUNG HYUN LEE, WON HONG WOO, DO SEON LIM, BONG KYU CHOI^* and KANG JU KIM^,

*Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Department of Oral Microbiology, College of Dentistry, Department of Histology, College of Oriental Medicine and Center of Oriental Medicinal Science, Wonkwang University, Chonbuk 570-749 and ||Department of Dental Hygiene, Seoul Health College, Sungnam, Kyunggi 461-250, Korea

Corresponding author: Dr K.J. Kim (e-mail: kjkimon{at}wonkwang.ac.kr).

Received 5 Jan. 2000; revised version accepted 28 April 2000.

Abstract

Following the coincidental discovery that ß-actin isolated from renal epithelial cells was precipitated by staphylococcal protein A (SPA), the possibility that SPA and cytoskeletal actin filaments may be involved in Staphylococcus aureus infection of epithelial cells was considered. Therefore, to clarify the potential role of SPA and actin filaments in S. aureus infection, the invasion efficiency of S. aureus was determined quantitatively by measuring the number of cfu of viable organisms recovered from cultured KB cells. S. aureus invasion was found to be time dependent (0–60 min) and increased linearly when increasing numbers of bacteria were added (10⁴–10⁶ cfu/ml). However, significant variation in the level of invasion was noted in protein A-deficient S. aureus Wood 46. Cytochalasin B inhibited the invasion efficiency of S. aureus in a dose-dependent manner. The present study suggests that interaction of staphylococcal protein A and cytoskeletal actin filaments is involved in the S. aureus invasion of cultured KB cells, and this process may contribute, in part, to the intracellular movement, cell-to-cell spread and dissemination of S. aureus within human oral epithelial cells in vivo.

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